hi, everybody.
I installed dovecot but it is not working. My OS is CentOS6.2.
I configured dovecot.conf as follows.
///
## Dovecot configuration file
# If you're in a hurry, see http://wiki.dovecot.org/QuickConfiguration
# "doveconf -n" command gives a clean output of the changed settings. Use it
# instead of copy&pasting files when posting to the Dovecot mailing list.
# '#' character and everything after it is treated as comments. Extra spaces
# and tabs are ignored. If you want to use either of these explicitly, put the
# value inside quotes, eg.: key = "# char and trailing whitespace "
# Default values are shown for each setting, it's not required to uncomment
# those. These are exceptions to this though: No sections (e.g. namespace {})
# or plugin settings are added by default, they're listed only as examples.
# Paths are also just examples with the real defaults being based on configure
# options. The paths listed here are for configure --prefix=/usr
# --sysconfdir=/etc --localstatedir=/var
# Protocols we want to be serving.
protocols = imap pop3 lmtp
# A comma separated list of IPs or hosts where to listen in for connections.
# "*" listens in all IPv4 interfaces, "::" listens in all IPv6 interfaces.
# If you want to specify non-default ports or anything more complex,
# edit conf.d/master.conf.
#listen = *, ::
listen = *
# Base directory where to store runtime data.
#base_dir = /var/run/dovecot/
# Greeting message for clients.
#login_greeting = Dovecot ready.
# Space separated list of trusted network ranges. Connections from these
# IPs are allowed to override their IP addresses and ports (for logging and
# for authentication checks). disable_plaintext_auth is also ignored for
# these networks. Typically you'd specify your IMAP proxy servers here.
#login_trusted_networks =
# Sepace separated list of login access check sockets (e.g. tcpwrap)
#login_access_sockets =
# Show more verbose process titles (in ps). Currently shows user name and
# IP address. Useful for seeing who are actually using the IMAP processes
# (eg. shared mailboxes or if same uid is used for multiple accounts).
#verbose_proctitle = no
# Should all processes be killed when Dovecot master process shuts down.
# Setting this to "no" means that Dovecot can be upgraded without
# forcing existing client connections to close (although that could also be
# a problem if the upgrade is e.g. because of a security fix).
#shutdown_clients = yes
# If non-zero, run mail commands via this many connections to doveadm server,
# instead of running them directly in the same process.
#doveadm_worker_count = 0
# UNIX socket or host
ort used for connecting to doveadm server
#doveadm_socket_path = doveadm-server
##
## Dictionary server settings
##
# Dictionary can be used to store key=value lists. This is used by several
# plugins. The dictionary can be accessed either directly or though a
# dictionary server. The following dict block maps dictionary names to URIs
# when the server is used. These can then be referenced using URIs in format
# "proxy::<name>".
dict {
#quota = mysql:/etc/dovecot/dovecot-dict-sql.conf.ext
#expire = sqlite:/etc/dovecot/dovecot-dict-sql.conf.ext
}
# Most of the actual configuration gets included below. The filenames are
# first sorted by their ASCII value and parsed in that order. The 00-prefixes
# in filenames are intended to make it easier to understand the ordering.
!include conf.d/*.conf
# A config file can also tried to be included without giving an error if
# it's not found:
#!include_try /etc/dovecot/local.conf
disable_plaintext_auth = no
ssl_disable = yes
///
and configured /etc/dovecot/conf.d/10-mail as follows:
///
##
## Mailbox locations and namespaces
##
# Location for users' mailboxes. The default is empty, which means that Dovecot
# tries to find the mailboxes automatically. This won't work if the user
# doesn't yet have any mail, so you should explicitly tell Dovecot the full
# location.
#
# If you're using mbox, giving a path to the INBOX file (eg. /var/mail/%u)
# isn't enough. You'll also need to tell Dovecot where the other mailboxes are
# kept. This is called the "root mail directory", and it must be the first
# path given in the mail_location setting.
#
# There are a few special variables you can use, eg.:
#
# %u - username
# %n - user part in user@domain, same as %u if there's no domain
# %d - domain part in user@domain, empty if there's no domain
# %h - home directory
#
# See doc/wiki/Variables.txt for full list. Some examples:
#
mail_location = maildir:~/Maildir
# mail_location = mbox:~/mail:INBOX=/var/mail/%u
# mail_location = mbox:/var/mail/%d/%1n/%n:INDEX=/var/indexes/%d/%1n/%n
#
# <doc/wiki/MailLocation.txt>
#
#mail_location =
# If you need to set multiple mailbox locations or want to change default
# namespace settings, you can do it by defining namespace sections.
#
# You can have private, shared and public namespaces. Private namespaces
# are for user's personal mails. Shared namespaces are for accessing other
# users' mailboxes that have been shared. Public namespaces are for shared
# mailboxes that are managed by sysadmin. If you create any shared or public
# namespaces you'll typically want to enable ACL plugin also, otherwise all
# users can access all the shared mailboxes, assuming they have permissions
# on filesystem level to do so.
#
# REMEMBER: If you add any namespaces, the default namespace must be added
# explicitly, ie. mail_location does nothing unless you have a namespace
# without a location setting. Default namespace is simply done by having a
# namespace with empty prefix.
#namespace {
# Namespace type: private, shared or public
#type = private
# Hierarchy separator to use. You should use the same separator for all
# namespaces or some clients get confused. '/' is usually a good one.
# The default however depends on the underlying mail storage format.
#separator =
# Prefix required to access this namespace. This needs to be different for
# all namespaces. For example "Public/".
#prefix =
# Physical location of the mailbox. This is in same format as
# mail_location, which is also the default for it.
#location =
# There can be only one INBOX, and this setting defines which namespace
# has it.
#inbox = no
# If namespace is hidden, it's not advertised to clients via NAMESPACE
# extension. You'll most likely also want to set list=no. This is mostly
# useful when converting from another server with different namespaces which
# you want to deprecate but still keep working. For example you can create
# hidden namespaces with prefixes "~/mail/", "~%u/mail/" and "mail/".
#hidden = no
# Show the mailboxes under this namespace with LIST command. This makes the
# namespace visible for clients that don't support NAMESPACE extension.
# "children" value lists child mailboxes, but hides the namespace prefix.
#list = yes
# Namespace handles its own subscriptions. If set to "no", the parent
# namespace handles them (empty prefix should always have this as "yes")
#subscriptions = yes
#}
# Example shared namespace configuration
#namespace {
#type = shared
#separator = /
# Mailboxes are visible under "shared/user@domain/"
# %%n, %%d and %%u are expanded to the destination user.
#prefix = shared/%%u/
# Mail location for other users' mailboxes. Note that %variables and ~/
# expands to the logged in user's data. %%n, %%d, %%u and %%h expand to the
# destination user's data.
#location = maildir:%%h/Maildir:INDEX=~/Maildir/shared/%%u
# Use the default namespace for saving subscriptions.
#subscriptions = no
# List the shared/ namespace only if there are visible shared mailboxes.
#list = children
#}
# System user and group used to access mails. If you use multiple, userdb
# can override these by returning uid or gid fields. You can use either numbers
# or names. <doc/wiki/UserIds.txt>
#mail_uid =
#mail_gid =
# Group to enable temporarily for privileged operations. Currently this is
# used only with INBOX when either its initial creation or dotlocking fails.
# Typically this is set to "mail" to give access to /var/mail.
#mail_privileged_group =
# Grant access to these supplementary groups for mail processes. Typically
# these are used to set up access to shared mailboxes. Note that it may be
# dangerous to set these if users can create symlinks (e.g. if "mail" group is
# set here, ln -s /var/mail ~/mail/var could allow a user to delete others'
# mailboxes, or ln -s /secret/shared/box ~/mail/mybox would allow reading it).
#mail_access_groups =
# Allow full filesystem access to clients. There's no access checks other than
# what the operating system does for the active UID/GID. It works with both
# maildir and mboxes, allowing you to prefix mailboxes names with eg. /path/
# or ~user/.
#mail_full_filesystem_access = no
##
## Mail processes
##
# Don't use mmap() at all. This is required if you store indexes to shared
# filesystems (NFS or clustered filesystem).
#mmap_disable = no
# Rely on O_EXCL to work when creating dotlock files. NFS supports O_EXCL
# since version 3, so this should be safe to use nowadays by default.
#dotlock_use_excl = yes
# When to use fsync() or fdatasync() calls:
# optimized (default): Whenever necessary to avoid losing important data
# always: Useful with e.g. NFS when write()s are delayed
# never: Never use it (best performance, but crashes can lose data)
#mail_fsync = optimized
# Mail storage exists in NFS. Set this to yes to make Dovecot flush NFS caches
# whenever needed. If you're using only a single mail server this isn't needed.
#mail_nfs_storage = no
# Mail index files also exist in NFS. Setting this to yes requires
# mmap_disable=yes and fsync_disable=no.
#mail_nfs_index = no
# Locking method for index files. Alternatives are fcntl, flock and dotlock.
# Dotlocking uses some tricks which may create more disk I/O than other locking
# methods. NFS users: flock doesn't work, remember to change mmap_disable.
#lock_method = fcntl
# Directory in which LDA/LMTP temporarily stores incoming mails >128 kB.
#mail_temp_dir = /tmp
# Valid UID range for users, defaults to 500 and above. This is mostly
# to make sure that users can't log in as daemons or other system users.
# Note that denying root logins is hardcoded to dovecot binary and can't
# be done even if first_valid_uid is set to 0.
#first_valid_uid = 500
#last_valid_uid = 0
# Valid GID range for users, defaults to non-root/wheel. Users having
# non-valid GID as primary group ID aren't allowed to log in. If user
# belongs to supplementary groups with non-valid GIDs, those groups are
# not set.
#first_valid_gid = 1
#last_valid_gid = 0
# Maximum allowed length for mail keyword name. It's only forced when trying
# to create new keywords.
#mail_max_keyword_length = 50
# ':' separated list of directories under which chrooting is allowed for mail
# processes (ie. /var/mail will allow chrooting to /var/mail/foo/bar too).
# This setting doesn't affect login_chroot, mail_chroot or auth chroot
# settings. If this setting is empty, "/./" in home dirs are ignored.
# WARNING: Never add directories here which local users can modify, that
# may lead to root exploit. Usually this should be done only if you don't
# allow shell access for users. <doc/wiki/Chrooting.txt>
#valid_chroot_dirs =
# Default chroot directory for mail processes. This can be overridden for
# specific users in user database by giving /./ in user's home directory
# (eg. /home/./user chroots into /home). Note that usually there is no real
# need to do chrooting, Dovecot doesn't allow users to access files outside
# their mail directory anyway. If your home directories are prefixed with
# the chroot directory, append "/." to mail_chroot. <doc/wiki/Chrooting.txt>
#mail_chroot =
# UNIX socket path to master authentication server to find users.
# This is used by imap (for shared users) and lda.
#auth_socket_path = /var/run/dovecot/auth-userdb
# Directory where to look up mail plugins.
#mail_plugin_dir = /usr/lib/dovecot
# Space separated list of plugins to load for all services. Plugins specific to
# IMAP, LDA, etc. are added to this list in their own .conf files.
#mail_plugins =
##
## Mailbox handling optimizations
##
# The minimum number of mails in a mailbox before updates are done to cache
# file. This allows optimizing Dovecot's behavior to do less disk writes at
# the cost of more disk reads.
#mail_cache_min_mail_count = 0
# When IDLE command is running, mailbox is checked once in a while to see if
# there are any new mails or other changes. This setting defines the minimum
# time to wait between those checks. Dovecot can also use dnotify, inotify and
# kqueue to find out immediately when changes occur.
#mailbox_idle_check_interval = 30 secs
# Save mails with CR+LF instead of plain LF. This makes sending those mails
# take less CPU, especially with sendfile() syscall with Linux and FreeBSD.
# But it also creates a bit more disk I/O which may just make it slower.
# Also note that if other software reads the mboxes/maildirs, they may handle
# the extra CRs wrong and cause problems.
#mail_save_crlf = no
##
## Maildir-specific settings
##
# By default LIST command returns all entries in maildir beginning with a dot.
# Enabling this option makes Dovecot return only entries which are directories.
# This is done by stat()ing each entry, so it causes more disk I/O.
# (For systems setting struct dirent->d_type, this check is free and it's
# done always regardless of this setting)
#maildir_stat_dirs = no
# When copying a message, do it with hard links whenever possible. This makes
# the performance much better, and it's unlikely to have any side effects.
#maildir_copy_with_hardlinks = yes
# Assume Dovecot is the only MUA accessing Maildir: Scan cur/ directory only
# when its mtime changes unexpectedly or when we can't find the mail otherwise.
#maildir_very_dirty_syncs = no
##
## mbox-specific settings
##
# Which locking methods to use for locking mbox. There are four available:
# dotlock: Create <mailbox>.lock file. This is the oldest and most NFS-safe
# solution. If you want to use /var/mail/ like directory, the users
# will need write access to that directory.
# dotlock_try: Same as dotlock, but if it fails because of permissions or
# because there isn't enough disk space, just skip it.
# fcntl : Use this if possible. Works with NFS too if lockd is used.
# flock : May not exist in all systems. Doesn't work with NFS.
# lockf : May not exist in all systems. Doesn't work with NFS.
#
# You can use multiple locking methods; if you do the order they're declared
# in is important to avoid deadlocks if other MTAs/MUAs are using multiple
# locking methods as well. Some operating systems don't allow using some of
# them simultaneously.
#mbox_read_locks = fcntl
#mbox_write_locks = dotlock fcntl
mbox_write_locks = fcntl
# Maximum time to wait for lock (all of them) before aborting.
#mbox_lock_timeout = 5 mins
# If dotlock exists but the mailbox isn't modified in any way, override the
# lock file after this much time.
#mbox_dotlock_change_timeout = 2 mins
# When mbox changes unexpectedly we have to fully read it to find out what
# changed. If the mbox is large this can take a long time. Since the change
# is usually just a newly appended mail, it'd be faster to simply read the
# new mails. If this setting is enabled, Dovecot does this but still safely
# fallbacks to re-reading the whole mbox file whenever something in mbox isn't
# how it's expected to be. The only real downside to this setting is that if
# some other MUA changes message flags, Dovecot doesn't notice it immediately.
# Note that a full sync is done with SELECT, EXAMINE, EXPUNGE and CHECK
# commands.
#mbox_dirty_syncs = yes
# Like mbox_dirty_syncs, but don't do full syncs even with SELECT, EXAMINE,
# EXPUNGE or CHECK commands. If this is set, mbox_dirty_syncs is ignored.
#mbox_very_dirty_syncs = no
# Delay writing mbox headers until doing a full write sync (EXPUNGE and CHECK
# commands and when closing the mailbox). This is especially useful for POP3
# where clients often delete all mails. The downside is that our changes
# aren't immediately visible to other MUAs.
#mbox_lazy_writes = yes
# If mbox size is smaller than this (e.g. 100k), don't write index files.
# If an index file already exists it's still read, just not updated.
#mbox_min_index_size = 0
##
## mdbox-specific settings
##
# Maximum dbox file size until it's rotated.
#mdbox_rotate_size = 2M
# Maximum dbox file age until it's rotated. Typically in days. Day begins
# from midnight, so 1d = today, 2d = yesterday, etc. 0 = check disabled.
#mdbox_rotate_interval = 1d
# When creating new mdbox files, immediately preallocate their size to
# mdbox_rotate_size. This setting currently works only in Linux with some
# filesystems (ext4, xfs).
#mdbox_preallocate_space = no
##
## Mail attachments
##
# sdbox and mdbox support saving mail attachments to external files, which
# also allows single instance storage for them. Other backends don't support
# this for now.
# WARNING: This feature hasn't been tested much yet. Use at your own risk.
# Directory root where to store mail attachments. Disabled, if empty.
#mail_attachment_dir =
# Attachments smaller than this aren't saved externally. It's also possible to
# write a plugin to disable saving specific attachments externally.
#mail_attachment_min_size = 128k
# Filesystem backend to use for saving attachments:
# posix : No SiS done by Dovecot (but this might help FS's own deduplication)
# sis posix : SiS with immediate byte-by-byte comparison during saving
# sis-queue posix : SiS with delayed comparison and deduplication
#mail_attachment_fs = sis posix
# Hash format to use in attachment filenames. You can add any text and
# variables: %{md4}, %{md5}, %{sha1}, %{sha256}, %{sha512}, %{size}.
# Variables can be truncated, e.g. %{sha256:80} returns only first 80 bits
#mail_attachment_hash = %{sha1}
///
edited /etc/dovecot/conf.d/20-pop3.conf as follows
///
##
## POP3 specific settings
##
protocol pop3 {
# Don't try to set mails non-recent or seen with POP3 sessions. This is
# mostly intended to reduce disk I/O. With maildir it doesn't move files
# from new/ to cur/, with mbox it doesn't write Status-header.
#pop3_no_flag_updates = no
# Support LAST command which exists in old POP3 specs, but has been removed
# from new ones. Some clients still wish to use this though. Enabling this
# makes RSET command clear all \Seen flags from messages.
#pop3_enable_last = no
# If mail has X-UIDL header, use it as the mail's UIDL.
#pop3_reuse_xuidl = no
# Keep the mailbox locked for the entire POP3 session.
#pop3_lock_session = no
# POP3 requires message sizes to be listed as if they had CR+LF linefeeds.
# Many POP3 servers violate this by returning the sizes with LF linefeeds,
# because it's faster to get. When this setting is enabled, Dovecot still
# tries to do the right thing first, but if that requires opening the
# message, it fallbacks to the easier (but incorrect) size.
#pop3_fast_size_lookups = no
# POP3 UIDL (unique mail identifier) format to use. You can use following
# variables, along with the variable modifiers described in
# doc/wiki/Variables.txt (e.g. %Uf for the filename in uppercase)
#
# %v - Mailbox's IMAP UIDVALIDITY
# %u - Mail's IMAP UID
# %m - MD5 sum of the mailbox headers in hex (mbox only)
# %f - filename (maildir only)
# %g - Mail's GUID
#
# If you want UIDL compatibility with other POP3 servers, use:
# UW's ipop3d : %08Xv%08Xu
# Courier : %f or %v-%u (both might be used simultaneosly)
# Cyrus (<= 2.1.3) : %u
# Cyrus (>= 2.1.4) : %v.%u
# Dovecot v0.99.x : %v.%u
# tpop3d : %Mf
#
# Note that Outlook 2003 seems to have problems with %v.%u format which was
# Dovecot's default, so if you're building a new server it would be a good
# idea to change this. %08Xu%08Xv should be pretty fail-safe.
#
pop3_uidl_format = %08Xu%08Xv
# Permanently save UIDLs sent to POP3 clients, so pop3_uidl_format changes
# won't change those UIDLs. Currently this works only with Maildir.
#pop3_save_uidl = no
# POP3 logout format string:
# %i - total number of bytes read from client
# %o - total number of bytes sent to client
# %t - number of TOP commands
# %p - number of bytes sent to client as a result of TOP command
# %r - number of RETR commands
# %b - number of bytes sent to client as a result of RETR command
# %d - number of deleted messages
# %m - number of messages (before deletion)
# %s - mailbox size in bytes (before deletion)
# %u - old/new UIDL hash. may help finding out if UIDLs changed unexpectedly
#pop3_logout_format = top=%t/%p, retr=%r/%b, del=%d/%m, size=%s
# Maximum number of POP3 connections allowed for a user from each IP address.
# NOTE: The username is compared case-sensitively.
#mail_max_userip_connections = 3
# Space separated list of plugins to load (default is global mail_plugins).
#mail_plugins = $mail_plugins
# Workarounds for various client bugs:
# outlook-no-nuls:
# Outlook and Outlook Express hang if mails contain NUL characters.
# This setting replaces them with 0x80 character.
# oe-ns-eoh:
# Outlook Express and Netscape Mail breaks if end of headers-line is
# missing. This option simply sends it if it's missing.
# The list is space-separated.
pop3_client_workarounds = outlook-no-nuls oe-ns-eoh
}
///
and i created email user 'support' as email <support>@mail.com
I sended email to that address.
but file size of /var/spool/mail/support is 0kB and sending mail failed.
what is wrong with my setting.
and one more question.
following some quide, there exist ipop3d file in directory /etc/xinetd.d, but I can't find this file.
please help me.
thanks .
I installed dovecot but it is not working. My OS is CentOS6.2.
I configured dovecot.conf as follows.
///
## Dovecot configuration file
# If you're in a hurry, see http://wiki.dovecot.org/QuickConfiguration
# "doveconf -n" command gives a clean output of the changed settings. Use it
# instead of copy&pasting files when posting to the Dovecot mailing list.
# '#' character and everything after it is treated as comments. Extra spaces
# and tabs are ignored. If you want to use either of these explicitly, put the
# value inside quotes, eg.: key = "# char and trailing whitespace "
# Default values are shown for each setting, it's not required to uncomment
# those. These are exceptions to this though: No sections (e.g. namespace {})
# or plugin settings are added by default, they're listed only as examples.
# Paths are also just examples with the real defaults being based on configure
# options. The paths listed here are for configure --prefix=/usr
# --sysconfdir=/etc --localstatedir=/var
# Protocols we want to be serving.
protocols = imap pop3 lmtp
# A comma separated list of IPs or hosts where to listen in for connections.
# "*" listens in all IPv4 interfaces, "::" listens in all IPv6 interfaces.
# If you want to specify non-default ports or anything more complex,
# edit conf.d/master.conf.
#listen = *, ::
listen = *
# Base directory where to store runtime data.
#base_dir = /var/run/dovecot/
# Greeting message for clients.
#login_greeting = Dovecot ready.
# Space separated list of trusted network ranges. Connections from these
# IPs are allowed to override their IP addresses and ports (for logging and
# for authentication checks). disable_plaintext_auth is also ignored for
# these networks. Typically you'd specify your IMAP proxy servers here.
#login_trusted_networks =
# Sepace separated list of login access check sockets (e.g. tcpwrap)
#login_access_sockets =
# Show more verbose process titles (in ps). Currently shows user name and
# IP address. Useful for seeing who are actually using the IMAP processes
# (eg. shared mailboxes or if same uid is used for multiple accounts).
#verbose_proctitle = no
# Should all processes be killed when Dovecot master process shuts down.
# Setting this to "no" means that Dovecot can be upgraded without
# forcing existing client connections to close (although that could also be
# a problem if the upgrade is e.g. because of a security fix).
#shutdown_clients = yes
# If non-zero, run mail commands via this many connections to doveadm server,
# instead of running them directly in the same process.
#doveadm_worker_count = 0
# UNIX socket or host
ort used for connecting to doveadm server#doveadm_socket_path = doveadm-server
##
## Dictionary server settings
##
# Dictionary can be used to store key=value lists. This is used by several
# plugins. The dictionary can be accessed either directly or though a
# dictionary server. The following dict block maps dictionary names to URIs
# when the server is used. These can then be referenced using URIs in format
# "proxy::<name>".
dict {
#quota = mysql:/etc/dovecot/dovecot-dict-sql.conf.ext
#expire = sqlite:/etc/dovecot/dovecot-dict-sql.conf.ext
}
# Most of the actual configuration gets included below. The filenames are
# first sorted by their ASCII value and parsed in that order. The 00-prefixes
# in filenames are intended to make it easier to understand the ordering.
!include conf.d/*.conf
# A config file can also tried to be included without giving an error if
# it's not found:
#!include_try /etc/dovecot/local.conf
disable_plaintext_auth = no
ssl_disable = yes
///
and configured /etc/dovecot/conf.d/10-mail as follows:
///
##
## Mailbox locations and namespaces
##
# Location for users' mailboxes. The default is empty, which means that Dovecot
# tries to find the mailboxes automatically. This won't work if the user
# doesn't yet have any mail, so you should explicitly tell Dovecot the full
# location.
#
# If you're using mbox, giving a path to the INBOX file (eg. /var/mail/%u)
# isn't enough. You'll also need to tell Dovecot where the other mailboxes are
# kept. This is called the "root mail directory", and it must be the first
# path given in the mail_location setting.
#
# There are a few special variables you can use, eg.:
#
# %u - username
# %n - user part in user@domain, same as %u if there's no domain
# %d - domain part in user@domain, empty if there's no domain
# %h - home directory
#
# See doc/wiki/Variables.txt for full list. Some examples:
#
mail_location = maildir:~/Maildir
# mail_location = mbox:~/mail:INBOX=/var/mail/%u
# mail_location = mbox:/var/mail/%d/%1n/%n:INDEX=/var/indexes/%d/%1n/%n
#
# <doc/wiki/MailLocation.txt>
#
#mail_location =
# If you need to set multiple mailbox locations or want to change default
# namespace settings, you can do it by defining namespace sections.
#
# You can have private, shared and public namespaces. Private namespaces
# are for user's personal mails. Shared namespaces are for accessing other
# users' mailboxes that have been shared. Public namespaces are for shared
# mailboxes that are managed by sysadmin. If you create any shared or public
# namespaces you'll typically want to enable ACL plugin also, otherwise all
# users can access all the shared mailboxes, assuming they have permissions
# on filesystem level to do so.
#
# REMEMBER: If you add any namespaces, the default namespace must be added
# explicitly, ie. mail_location does nothing unless you have a namespace
# without a location setting. Default namespace is simply done by having a
# namespace with empty prefix.
#namespace {
# Namespace type: private, shared or public
#type = private
# Hierarchy separator to use. You should use the same separator for all
# namespaces or some clients get confused. '/' is usually a good one.
# The default however depends on the underlying mail storage format.
#separator =
# Prefix required to access this namespace. This needs to be different for
# all namespaces. For example "Public/".
#prefix =
# Physical location of the mailbox. This is in same format as
# mail_location, which is also the default for it.
#location =
# There can be only one INBOX, and this setting defines which namespace
# has it.
#inbox = no
# If namespace is hidden, it's not advertised to clients via NAMESPACE
# extension. You'll most likely also want to set list=no. This is mostly
# useful when converting from another server with different namespaces which
# you want to deprecate but still keep working. For example you can create
# hidden namespaces with prefixes "~/mail/", "~%u/mail/" and "mail/".
#hidden = no
# Show the mailboxes under this namespace with LIST command. This makes the
# namespace visible for clients that don't support NAMESPACE extension.
# "children" value lists child mailboxes, but hides the namespace prefix.
#list = yes
# Namespace handles its own subscriptions. If set to "no", the parent
# namespace handles them (empty prefix should always have this as "yes")
#subscriptions = yes
#}
# Example shared namespace configuration
#namespace {
#type = shared
#separator = /
# Mailboxes are visible under "shared/user@domain/"
# %%n, %%d and %%u are expanded to the destination user.
#prefix = shared/%%u/
# Mail location for other users' mailboxes. Note that %variables and ~/
# expands to the logged in user's data. %%n, %%d, %%u and %%h expand to the
# destination user's data.
#location = maildir:%%h/Maildir:INDEX=~/Maildir/shared/%%u
# Use the default namespace for saving subscriptions.
#subscriptions = no
# List the shared/ namespace only if there are visible shared mailboxes.
#list = children
#}
# System user and group used to access mails. If you use multiple, userdb
# can override these by returning uid or gid fields. You can use either numbers
# or names. <doc/wiki/UserIds.txt>
#mail_uid =
#mail_gid =
# Group to enable temporarily for privileged operations. Currently this is
# used only with INBOX when either its initial creation or dotlocking fails.
# Typically this is set to "mail" to give access to /var/mail.
#mail_privileged_group =
# Grant access to these supplementary groups for mail processes. Typically
# these are used to set up access to shared mailboxes. Note that it may be
# dangerous to set these if users can create symlinks (e.g. if "mail" group is
# set here, ln -s /var/mail ~/mail/var could allow a user to delete others'
# mailboxes, or ln -s /secret/shared/box ~/mail/mybox would allow reading it).
#mail_access_groups =
# Allow full filesystem access to clients. There's no access checks other than
# what the operating system does for the active UID/GID. It works with both
# maildir and mboxes, allowing you to prefix mailboxes names with eg. /path/
# or ~user/.
#mail_full_filesystem_access = no
##
## Mail processes
##
# Don't use mmap() at all. This is required if you store indexes to shared
# filesystems (NFS or clustered filesystem).
#mmap_disable = no
# Rely on O_EXCL to work when creating dotlock files. NFS supports O_EXCL
# since version 3, so this should be safe to use nowadays by default.
#dotlock_use_excl = yes
# When to use fsync() or fdatasync() calls:
# optimized (default): Whenever necessary to avoid losing important data
# always: Useful with e.g. NFS when write()s are delayed
# never: Never use it (best performance, but crashes can lose data)
#mail_fsync = optimized
# Mail storage exists in NFS. Set this to yes to make Dovecot flush NFS caches
# whenever needed. If you're using only a single mail server this isn't needed.
#mail_nfs_storage = no
# Mail index files also exist in NFS. Setting this to yes requires
# mmap_disable=yes and fsync_disable=no.
#mail_nfs_index = no
# Locking method for index files. Alternatives are fcntl, flock and dotlock.
# Dotlocking uses some tricks which may create more disk I/O than other locking
# methods. NFS users: flock doesn't work, remember to change mmap_disable.
#lock_method = fcntl
# Directory in which LDA/LMTP temporarily stores incoming mails >128 kB.
#mail_temp_dir = /tmp
# Valid UID range for users, defaults to 500 and above. This is mostly
# to make sure that users can't log in as daemons or other system users.
# Note that denying root logins is hardcoded to dovecot binary and can't
# be done even if first_valid_uid is set to 0.
#first_valid_uid = 500
#last_valid_uid = 0
# Valid GID range for users, defaults to non-root/wheel. Users having
# non-valid GID as primary group ID aren't allowed to log in. If user
# belongs to supplementary groups with non-valid GIDs, those groups are
# not set.
#first_valid_gid = 1
#last_valid_gid = 0
# Maximum allowed length for mail keyword name. It's only forced when trying
# to create new keywords.
#mail_max_keyword_length = 50
# ':' separated list of directories under which chrooting is allowed for mail
# processes (ie. /var/mail will allow chrooting to /var/mail/foo/bar too).
# This setting doesn't affect login_chroot, mail_chroot or auth chroot
# settings. If this setting is empty, "/./" in home dirs are ignored.
# WARNING: Never add directories here which local users can modify, that
# may lead to root exploit. Usually this should be done only if you don't
# allow shell access for users. <doc/wiki/Chrooting.txt>
#valid_chroot_dirs =
# Default chroot directory for mail processes. This can be overridden for
# specific users in user database by giving /./ in user's home directory
# (eg. /home/./user chroots into /home). Note that usually there is no real
# need to do chrooting, Dovecot doesn't allow users to access files outside
# their mail directory anyway. If your home directories are prefixed with
# the chroot directory, append "/." to mail_chroot. <doc/wiki/Chrooting.txt>
#mail_chroot =
# UNIX socket path to master authentication server to find users.
# This is used by imap (for shared users) and lda.
#auth_socket_path = /var/run/dovecot/auth-userdb
# Directory where to look up mail plugins.
#mail_plugin_dir = /usr/lib/dovecot
# Space separated list of plugins to load for all services. Plugins specific to
# IMAP, LDA, etc. are added to this list in their own .conf files.
#mail_plugins =
##
## Mailbox handling optimizations
##
# The minimum number of mails in a mailbox before updates are done to cache
# file. This allows optimizing Dovecot's behavior to do less disk writes at
# the cost of more disk reads.
#mail_cache_min_mail_count = 0
# When IDLE command is running, mailbox is checked once in a while to see if
# there are any new mails or other changes. This setting defines the minimum
# time to wait between those checks. Dovecot can also use dnotify, inotify and
# kqueue to find out immediately when changes occur.
#mailbox_idle_check_interval = 30 secs
# Save mails with CR+LF instead of plain LF. This makes sending those mails
# take less CPU, especially with sendfile() syscall with Linux and FreeBSD.
# But it also creates a bit more disk I/O which may just make it slower.
# Also note that if other software reads the mboxes/maildirs, they may handle
# the extra CRs wrong and cause problems.
#mail_save_crlf = no
##
## Maildir-specific settings
##
# By default LIST command returns all entries in maildir beginning with a dot.
# Enabling this option makes Dovecot return only entries which are directories.
# This is done by stat()ing each entry, so it causes more disk I/O.
# (For systems setting struct dirent->d_type, this check is free and it's
# done always regardless of this setting)
#maildir_stat_dirs = no
# When copying a message, do it with hard links whenever possible. This makes
# the performance much better, and it's unlikely to have any side effects.
#maildir_copy_with_hardlinks = yes
# Assume Dovecot is the only MUA accessing Maildir: Scan cur/ directory only
# when its mtime changes unexpectedly or when we can't find the mail otherwise.
#maildir_very_dirty_syncs = no
##
## mbox-specific settings
##
# Which locking methods to use for locking mbox. There are four available:
# dotlock: Create <mailbox>.lock file. This is the oldest and most NFS-safe
# solution. If you want to use /var/mail/ like directory, the users
# will need write access to that directory.
# dotlock_try: Same as dotlock, but if it fails because of permissions or
# because there isn't enough disk space, just skip it.
# fcntl : Use this if possible. Works with NFS too if lockd is used.
# flock : May not exist in all systems. Doesn't work with NFS.
# lockf : May not exist in all systems. Doesn't work with NFS.
#
# You can use multiple locking methods; if you do the order they're declared
# in is important to avoid deadlocks if other MTAs/MUAs are using multiple
# locking methods as well. Some operating systems don't allow using some of
# them simultaneously.
#mbox_read_locks = fcntl
#mbox_write_locks = dotlock fcntl
mbox_write_locks = fcntl
# Maximum time to wait for lock (all of them) before aborting.
#mbox_lock_timeout = 5 mins
# If dotlock exists but the mailbox isn't modified in any way, override the
# lock file after this much time.
#mbox_dotlock_change_timeout = 2 mins
# When mbox changes unexpectedly we have to fully read it to find out what
# changed. If the mbox is large this can take a long time. Since the change
# is usually just a newly appended mail, it'd be faster to simply read the
# new mails. If this setting is enabled, Dovecot does this but still safely
# fallbacks to re-reading the whole mbox file whenever something in mbox isn't
# how it's expected to be. The only real downside to this setting is that if
# some other MUA changes message flags, Dovecot doesn't notice it immediately.
# Note that a full sync is done with SELECT, EXAMINE, EXPUNGE and CHECK
# commands.
#mbox_dirty_syncs = yes
# Like mbox_dirty_syncs, but don't do full syncs even with SELECT, EXAMINE,
# EXPUNGE or CHECK commands. If this is set, mbox_dirty_syncs is ignored.
#mbox_very_dirty_syncs = no
# Delay writing mbox headers until doing a full write sync (EXPUNGE and CHECK
# commands and when closing the mailbox). This is especially useful for POP3
# where clients often delete all mails. The downside is that our changes
# aren't immediately visible to other MUAs.
#mbox_lazy_writes = yes
# If mbox size is smaller than this (e.g. 100k), don't write index files.
# If an index file already exists it's still read, just not updated.
#mbox_min_index_size = 0
##
## mdbox-specific settings
##
# Maximum dbox file size until it's rotated.
#mdbox_rotate_size = 2M
# Maximum dbox file age until it's rotated. Typically in days. Day begins
# from midnight, so 1d = today, 2d = yesterday, etc. 0 = check disabled.
#mdbox_rotate_interval = 1d
# When creating new mdbox files, immediately preallocate their size to
# mdbox_rotate_size. This setting currently works only in Linux with some
# filesystems (ext4, xfs).
#mdbox_preallocate_space = no
##
## Mail attachments
##
# sdbox and mdbox support saving mail attachments to external files, which
# also allows single instance storage for them. Other backends don't support
# this for now.
# WARNING: This feature hasn't been tested much yet. Use at your own risk.
# Directory root where to store mail attachments. Disabled, if empty.
#mail_attachment_dir =
# Attachments smaller than this aren't saved externally. It's also possible to
# write a plugin to disable saving specific attachments externally.
#mail_attachment_min_size = 128k
# Filesystem backend to use for saving attachments:
# posix : No SiS done by Dovecot (but this might help FS's own deduplication)
# sis posix : SiS with immediate byte-by-byte comparison during saving
# sis-queue posix : SiS with delayed comparison and deduplication
#mail_attachment_fs = sis posix
# Hash format to use in attachment filenames. You can add any text and
# variables: %{md4}, %{md5}, %{sha1}, %{sha256}, %{sha512}, %{size}.
# Variables can be truncated, e.g. %{sha256:80} returns only first 80 bits
#mail_attachment_hash = %{sha1}
///
edited /etc/dovecot/conf.d/20-pop3.conf as follows
///
##
## POP3 specific settings
##
protocol pop3 {
# Don't try to set mails non-recent or seen with POP3 sessions. This is
# mostly intended to reduce disk I/O. With maildir it doesn't move files
# from new/ to cur/, with mbox it doesn't write Status-header.
#pop3_no_flag_updates = no
# Support LAST command which exists in old POP3 specs, but has been removed
# from new ones. Some clients still wish to use this though. Enabling this
# makes RSET command clear all \Seen flags from messages.
#pop3_enable_last = no
# If mail has X-UIDL header, use it as the mail's UIDL.
#pop3_reuse_xuidl = no
# Keep the mailbox locked for the entire POP3 session.
#pop3_lock_session = no
# POP3 requires message sizes to be listed as if they had CR+LF linefeeds.
# Many POP3 servers violate this by returning the sizes with LF linefeeds,
# because it's faster to get. When this setting is enabled, Dovecot still
# tries to do the right thing first, but if that requires opening the
# message, it fallbacks to the easier (but incorrect) size.
#pop3_fast_size_lookups = no
# POP3 UIDL (unique mail identifier) format to use. You can use following
# variables, along with the variable modifiers described in
# doc/wiki/Variables.txt (e.g. %Uf for the filename in uppercase)
#
# %v - Mailbox's IMAP UIDVALIDITY
# %u - Mail's IMAP UID
# %m - MD5 sum of the mailbox headers in hex (mbox only)
# %f - filename (maildir only)
# %g - Mail's GUID
#
# If you want UIDL compatibility with other POP3 servers, use:
# UW's ipop3d : %08Xv%08Xu
# Courier : %f or %v-%u (both might be used simultaneosly)
# Cyrus (<= 2.1.3) : %u
# Cyrus (>= 2.1.4) : %v.%u
# Dovecot v0.99.x : %v.%u
# tpop3d : %Mf
#
# Note that Outlook 2003 seems to have problems with %v.%u format which was
# Dovecot's default, so if you're building a new server it would be a good
# idea to change this. %08Xu%08Xv should be pretty fail-safe.
#
pop3_uidl_format = %08Xu%08Xv
# Permanently save UIDLs sent to POP3 clients, so pop3_uidl_format changes
# won't change those UIDLs. Currently this works only with Maildir.
#pop3_save_uidl = no
# POP3 logout format string:
# %i - total number of bytes read from client
# %o - total number of bytes sent to client
# %t - number of TOP commands
# %p - number of bytes sent to client as a result of TOP command
# %r - number of RETR commands
# %b - number of bytes sent to client as a result of RETR command
# %d - number of deleted messages
# %m - number of messages (before deletion)
# %s - mailbox size in bytes (before deletion)
# %u - old/new UIDL hash. may help finding out if UIDLs changed unexpectedly
#pop3_logout_format = top=%t/%p, retr=%r/%b, del=%d/%m, size=%s
# Maximum number of POP3 connections allowed for a user from each IP address.
# NOTE: The username is compared case-sensitively.
#mail_max_userip_connections = 3
# Space separated list of plugins to load (default is global mail_plugins).
#mail_plugins = $mail_plugins
# Workarounds for various client bugs:
# outlook-no-nuls:
# Outlook and Outlook Express hang if mails contain NUL characters.
# This setting replaces them with 0x80 character.
# oe-ns-eoh:
# Outlook Express and Netscape Mail breaks if end of headers-line is
# missing. This option simply sends it if it's missing.
# The list is space-separated.
pop3_client_workarounds = outlook-no-nuls oe-ns-eoh
}
///
and i created email user 'support' as email <support>@mail.com
I sended email to that address.
but file size of /var/spool/mail/support is 0kB and sending mail failed.
what is wrong with my setting.
and one more question.
following some quide, there exist ipop3d file in directory /etc/xinetd.d, but I can't find this file.
please help me.
thanks .
